Period
Cypro-Archaic
c. 750–475 BCE (start date debated)
The age of the Cypriot city-kingdoms, c. 750–475 BCE, under Assyrian, Egyptian and Persian overlordship, with rural sanctuaries and regional pottery styles.
Read the full overview of the Cypro-Archaic period →
101 entries in 10 sections
Pottery
51 entriesSection overview
Red Slip WareRed Slip is the name of three separate Cypriot wares with an all-over red slip, one Middle Cypriot, one Late Cypriot wheelmade and one Iron Age.Middle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
Plain White WareThe undecorated, pale-surfaced pottery of Middle and Late Bronze Age Cyprus, made by hand and later wheel-shaped, the first Cypriot ware formed with the wheel.Middle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
Iron Age White Painted WareIron Age White Painted is the wheel-made Cypriot pottery painted in matt black or brown on a pale ground, numbered White Painted I to VII from c. 1050 to 310 BCE.Cypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
Bichrome WareBichrome is Cypriot pottery painted in black and red on a light surface, first a Late Bronze Age export ware and later a long-lived Iron Age class.Late Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
Black-on-Red WareBlack-on-Red is a Cypriot Iron Age wheel-made fine ware with black geometric decoration on a burnished red slip, widely exported from about 900 BCE.Cypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
Grey and Black Polished, Stroke Polished and Polychrome WaresGrey and Black Polished, Stroke Polished and Polychrome are minor wheel-made Cypriot wares of the Geometric, Archaic and Classical periods, defined by Gjerstad in 1948.Cypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
Bichrome Red WareBichrome Red is the Cypriot Iron Age wheel-made ware with black and added white paint on a red slip, the sister ware of Black-on-Red.Cypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
Greek Pottery in CyprusGreek painted and black-gloss pottery reached Cyprus from the late tenth century BCE, rising from a few Euboean and Attic cups to a flood of Attic ware by the fifth century.Cypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
AmphoraA closed jar with two opposed handles, made in Cyprus in belly-handled and vertical-handled painted series and as a basket-handled transport jar.Late Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
Arrows and Chevron Arrows on Cypriot Iron Age PotteryA vertical chain of chevrons ending in a point, painted as a small stock ornament on Cypriot White Painted and Bichrome jugs of the Iron Age.Cypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
Baskets and Basket-Handled VesselsNot a standard Cypriot vessel class, "basket" names the arched basket handle, vessels that carry it, the kalathos and a few openwork bowls.Late Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
BirdsThe bird on Cypriot pottery, modelled on Bronze Age Red Polished vessels and painted as the main subject of Cypro-Archaic free-field jugs.Early Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
Black Slip WareBlack Slip is the name of two unrelated Cypriot wares, a handmade Middle and early Late Cypriot class and Gjerstad's wheelmade Iron Age class.Early Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
BottlesA narrow-necked closed vessel with no handle or with two, made in Cyprus from the Early Bronze Age to the Hellenistic period, mostly as a small container for liquids.Early Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-ClassicalHellenistic
BowlsThe open vessel deeper than a plate and without a pouring neck, the one Cypriot pottery shape made without a break from the Neolithic to the Iron Age.NeolithicChalcolithicEarly Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic- Bulls and CattleBulls and cattle in Cypriot art, modelled on Red Polished cult vessels, made as Base Ring rhyta and dedicated as Archaic votives in clay and stone.Early Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
CirclesConcentric circles, disks, spirals and pendent semicircles, the leading geometric motif of Cypriot Iron Age painted pottery and of Gjerstad's Western style.Cypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
Coarse Wares, Pithoi and Cooking PotsThe heavily tempered storage, cooking and utility pottery of Cyprus from the Chalcolithic to the Cypro-Classical period, classified mainly by fabric and function.ChalcolithicLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical- Complex VesselsComposite, multiple and ring vessels built by multiplying or joining ordinary shapes, mostly Bronze Age tomb pieces, plus figure vases, arm-vessels, incense burners, stands and miniatures.ChalcolithicEarly Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-ClassicalHellenistic
CupsA small open vessel with one or two handles, made for drinking; in Cyprus it runs from Bronze Age handled cups to Iron Age skyphoi and kantharoi.Middle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical- Fish and Sea CreaturesFish and other sea creatures in Cypriot art, from Late Bronze Age Aegean-style kraters to the Cypro-Archaic bird-and-fish jugs and Paphian fish-cups.Late Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
FlasksA closed vessel flattened from side to side, common in Cyprus from the Middle Bronze Age, revived as the lentoid pilgrim flask in the Late Bronze Age and made in the Iron Age.ChalcolithicEarly Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
Free-Field Style: Birds, Bulls and Lotus on Cypro-Archaic JugsA layout of Cypriot Iron Age vase painting in which a single figure or motif is set on the bare, unframed body of a jug, usually opposite the handle.Cypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic- Goats, Deer and IbexWild goats and stags, the commonest wild animals in Cypriot vase decoration, from modelled Bronze Age figures to painted Iron Age friezes and free-field jugs.Early Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
Guilloche and SpiralsTwo linked-band ornaments of Cypriot art, the Late Bronze Age running spiral of Aegean origin and the Cypro-Archaic guilloche of Near Eastern origin.Late Bronze AgeCypro-Archaic
Horses and ChariotsThe horse and the two-wheeled chariot as images in Cypriot art, from imported Late Bronze Age kraters to Iron Age clay and limestone models.Late Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
Human FiguresThe human figure on Cypriot pottery, modelled in Early Bronze Age Red Polished scenes and painted on Cypro-Geometric and Cypro-Archaic vases.Early Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic- Iron Age Painting StylesThe figured repertoire and the two regional pictorial styles, Salamis and Amathus, into which scholars sort Cypriot vase painting of c. 1050-480 BCE.Cypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
Jars and PithoiA symmetrical wide-necked vessel, the family of Cypriot storage and transport jars, pithoi and painted jars, including the amphora.ChalcolithicEarly Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-ClassicalHellenistic
JugletsA juglet is a small one-handled jug with a narrow neck, made in Cyprus in most wares and widely exported as a container for perfumed oil.Early Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
Jugs and JugletsA one-handled vessel with a neck, the commonest closed shape in Cypriot pottery, made from the start of the Bronze Age to the Cypro-Classical period.Early Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
KratersA large open vessel for mixing and serving drink, imported from the Aegean and made locally in Cyprus from the Late Bronze Age onwards.Late Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicHellenistic
LampsA small hand-held vessel that burned oil or fat on a wick, made in Cyprus as an open saucer from the Late Bronze Age and as a closed lamp from the Hellenistic period.Late Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-ClassicalHellenisticRoman
Lattice, Chequers and Checkerboards on Cypriot PotteryLattice (a net of crossed lines) and chequers (alternating dark and light squares) used to fill triangles, lozenges, bands and panels on Cypriot pottery.Middle Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
Lions, Sphinxes and GriffinsLions, sphinxes and griffins, a borrowed Near Eastern repertoire used in Cyprus on seals, gold, pottery, metal bowls and limestone sculpture.Late Bronze AgeCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical- Lotus Flowers and Lotus Friezes on Cypriot Iron Age PotteryThe lotus flower and lotus-and-bud frieze, the chief plant motif of Cypriot Iron Age painted pottery, of Egyptian and Phoenician derivation.Cypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
- Motifs of Cypriot PotterySectionThe recurring patterns and figures painted, incised or modelled on Cypriot pottery, from Neolithic combing to the Cypro-Archaic free-field style.NeolithicChalcolithicEarly Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
Plants, Trees and Palms on Cypriot PotteryTrees, date palms, branches and the goat-and-tree or sacred-tree composition on Cypriot pottery and related media, from the Late Bronze Age to the Cypro-Archaic period.Late Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic- Pottery ShapesSectionThe classification of Cypriot pottery by vessel form rather than ware, grouped into ten shape families from bowls and jugs to composite vessels.Early Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
RosettesThe rosette, a radiating flower ornament that became a standard motif of Cypriot painted pottery in Cypro-Archaic I under renewed influence from Syria.Late Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
ShipsThe ship as a pottery subject in Cyprus, modelled in clay from the Late Bronze Age to the Cypro-Archaic period and painted on Iron Age jugs.Middle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
SnakesThe snake as a decorative and figural motif in Cyprus, from relief bands on Early Bronze Age Red Polished pottery to Archaic terracottas and Classical limestone.Early Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
StrainersAny vessel with deliberate perforations that let liquid through and hold solids back, from Base Ring strainer jars to Iron Age strainer jugs and bronze strainers.Middle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
SwastikasA cross with arms bent at right angles, a frequent painted ornament on Cypriot Iron Age pottery whose meaning is still debated.Early Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic- The Pottery of Ancient CyprusSectionThe pottery made and used in Cyprus from the Ceramic Neolithic onward, the island's most abundant artifact class and the basis of its chronology.NeolithicChalcolithicEarly Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-ClassicalHellenisticRoman
- The Tree and the Sacred TreeThe tree motif in Cypriot art, alone or flanked by animals as a sacred tree, on seals, gold, silver bowls, stone and painted pottery from the Late Bronze Age to the Cypro-Classical period.Late Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
Triangles and LozengesHatched, latticed and solid triangles and lozenges, with incised herringbone, used on Cypriot pottery from the Chalcolithic to the Cypro-Archaic period.ChalcolithicEarly Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
Types of WareSectionThe families of Cypriot pottery, grouped by clay, surface finish and decoration, from Neolithic Combed ware to Iron Age Black-on-Red.NeolithicChalcolithicEarly Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical- Wavy HooksWavy lines ending in a hook or spiral, found on Mycenaean imports at Enkomi, Cypro-Archaic White Painted IV juglets and Bichrome plates.Late Bronze AgeCypro-Archaic
Wavy LinesA continuous line swinging in rounded curves, incised or painted on Cypriot pottery from Early Bronze Age Red Polished to Cypro-Archaic amphorae.Early Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
Zig-ZagsA continuous line changing direction at sharp angles, incised or painted on Cypriot pottery from Early Bronze Age Red Polished to Cypro-Archaic handles.Early Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
Statues
12 entriesSection overview
Archaic Limestone StatuesThe limestone votive statues and statuettes dedicated in Cypriot sanctuaries of the Cypro-Archaic period, many in Egyptianizing dress.Cypro-Archaic
Bronze FigurinesSmall solid-cast bronze figures of gods, worshippers and animals, made in Cyprus from the Late Bronze Age and dedicated in sanctuaries or placed in tombs.Late Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
Herakles-MelqartA Cypriot limestone sculptural type of a god wearing a lion skin and often brandishing a club, fusing the Greek Herakles with the Phoenician Melqart.Cypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
Horse and Rider FigurinesTerracotta figurines of a mounted rider, dedicated in sanctuaries and placed in tombs across Iron Age Cyprus, most abundantly in the Cypro-Archaic period.Cypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic- How Cypriot Figurines Are ClassifiedThe overlapping systems that classify Cypriot figurines and statues, from Winkelmann's N and C numbers to Karageorghis's Coroplastic Art and Gjerstad's styles.NeolithicChalcolithicEarly Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
Large Terracotta SculptureLarge hollow clay statues and heads, from about half life-size to over life-size, made in Cyprus from the mid-7th century BCE for sanctuaries.Cypro-ArchaicCypro-ClassicalHellenistic
Painted Stone: Colour on Cypriot Limestone SculptureThe painting of Cypriot limestone sculpture with red, black, yellow, green and blue, of which usually only traces now survive.Cypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
Reliefs and StelaeCarved limestone reliefs, funerary stelae and relief plaques from Cyprus, made from the 6th century BCE into the early Roman period.Cypro-ArchaicCypro-ClassicalHellenisticRoman
Ring-Dance GroupsSmall Cypriot votive models of dancers on a shared base circling a piper, lyre player or tree, made in clay and later in limestone.Cypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
Snowman FigurinesHand-modelled terracotta votaries and musicians of Iron Age Cyprus, built up from a columnar lump of clay with a pinched beak nose and pellet features.Cypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical- Terracotta FigurinesSmall clay figures made in Cyprus by hand, on the wheel or in moulds, from Chalcolithic birthing figures to the Cypro-Archaic sanctuary votives.ChalcolithicEarly Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-ClassicalHellenistic
The Statues of Ancient CyprusSectionThe statues and figurines of ancient Cyprus, in stone, clay and metal, from Neolithic pebble figures to Hellenistic and Roman limestone votives.NeolithicChalcolithicEarly Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-ClassicalHellenisticRoman
Jewelry
2 entriesSection overview
SealsEngraved stone stamps and cylinders used in Cyprus from the Late Chalcolithic to the Classical period, often worn or set in gold.ChalcolithicLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
The Jewelry of Ancient CyprusSectionThe personal ornaments of ancient Cyprus, from Chalcolithic picrolite pendants to Late Bronze Age goldwork and the jewellery of the city-kingdoms.ChalcolithicEarly Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
Weapons and Armour
3 entriesSection overview
Arms and Armour of Iron Age CyprusThe iron and bronze weapons, armour and chariots of Cyprus from the first iron daggers of c. 1100–1050 BCE to the end of the city-kingdoms around 310 BCE.Cypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
Fortifications in Ancient Cyprus: From Khirokitia to the Siege of PaphosThe walls, forts and enclosures Cypriots built in a few distinct episodes, from Aceramic Khirokitia to the city walls of the Iron Age kingdoms.NeolithicMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
Weapons and Armour of Ancient CyprusSectionThe weapons, armour and fortifications of ancient Cyprus, from Neolithic projectile points to the iron swords and war imagery of the Iron Age kingdoms.NeolithicChalcolithicEarly Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
Tools and Technologies
7 entriesSection overview
Copper Metallurgy in Ancient CyprusThe mining, smelting and casting of the Troodos sulphide ores, from hammered Chalcolithic native copper to Late Bronze Age oxhide ingots and Archaic slag heaps.ChalcolithicEarly Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
Decoration TechniquesThe techniques used to decorate Cypriot pottery, terracottas, stone and metalwork from the Late Neolithic to the Classical period, and how the catalogue groups them.NeolithicChalcolithicEarly Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical- Faience in Ancient CyprusA glazed quartz-paste material found on Cyprus as beads, vessels and amulets from the Chalcolithic onward, though no local workshop has been identified.ChalcolithicMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
Gold, Silver, Tin, Arsenic and Iron in Ancient CyprusThe metals other than copper used by Cypriot smiths from the Philia facies to the Hellenistic period, including arsenic, tin, gold, electrum, silver, lead and iron.Early Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-ClassicalHellenistic
Metal VesselsBowls, cauldrons, jugs, cups, strainers and the bronze stands that carried them, made in Cyprus from the Late Bronze Age to the Cypro-Archaic period.Late Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
Seafaring and Ships in Ancient CyprusThe evidence for boats and seafaring around Cyprus from the first crossings to the Classical period, from anchors, models and graffiti to wrecks and shipsheds.NeolithicEarly Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
Weights and IngotsCopper ingots, miniature votive ingots, balance weights and scale pans in Cyprus, from the Late Bronze Age into the Cypro-Geometric and Cypro-Archaic periods.Late Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
Cultures
5 entriesSection overview
Achaemenid PersiaThe Persian Empire, which held the Cypriot city-kingdoms as tribute-paying client states from c. 545 or 525 BCE until 332 BCE.Cypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
EgyptAncient Egypt, Cyprus's partner in copper, pottery and prestige goods from the Middle Kingdom to the Ptolemies, who annexed the island.Middle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-ArchaicCypro-ClassicalHellenistic
Neighboring CulturesSectionCyprus's relations with Anatolia, the Levant, Egypt, the Aegean and the Near Eastern empires, from the Chalcolithic to the Cypro-Archaic period.ChalcolithicEarly Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
Neo-Assyrian Empire and CyprusThe Mesopotamian empire to which the Cypriot kings submitted around 709 BCE, ruling them indirectly as tribute-paying clients.Cypro-Archaic- The PhoeniciansThe Iron Age city-states of the Levantine coast, whose traders and settlers made Kition a Phoenician kingdom and shared a hybrid culture with Cyprus.Cypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
Architecture
5 entriesSection overview
Iron Age Cities and PalacesThe capitals of the Iron Age kingdoms of Cyprus, their palaces at Vouni, Amathus, Idalion and Palaepaphos, their houses, and the volute and Hathor capitals of the period.Cypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
Ashlar MasonrySquared, dressed stone used on Cyprus from about 1500 BC for gateways, tombs and the largest buildings of the Late Bronze Age towns, set below walls of mudbrick.Late Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
Iron Age SanctuariesThe Cypriot Iron Age sanctuary was a walled open-air court with an altar, sacred trees and small roofed rooms; Greek-style temples arrived only under Rome.Cypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-ClassicalHellenisticRoman
Royal and Built TombsTombs built of cut stone in Cyprus, from the ashlar tombs under Late Bronze Age houses at Enkomi to the royal tombs of Salamis and Tamassos and the rock-cut courts of Nea Paphos.Late Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-ClassicalHellenistic
Architectural Transformations in Ancient CyprusSectionThe built environment of ancient Cyprus, from Neolithic round houses to Bronze Age rectilinear villages, ashlar buildings and Iron Age sanctuaries.NeolithicChalcolithicEarly Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicHellenisticRoman
Daily Life
12 entriesSection overview
Clay ModelsFreestanding miniature models of buildings, cult places, work scenes, boats, vehicles and furniture made in Cyprus from the Chalcolithic to the Cypro-Archaic period.ChalcolithicEarly Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic- Clothing and Dress in Ancient CyprusWhat Cypriots wore from the Neolithic to the Cypro-Classical period, reconstructed from figurines, statues, textile tools and metal fasteners.NeolithicChalcolithicEarly Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
Coins of Ancient CyprusThe coins struck in Cyprus from the late sixth century BCE by the city-kingdoms, then by Alexander, the Ptolemies and Rome, and what they record.Cypro-ArchaicCypro-ClassicalHellenisticRoman
Food and Diet in Ancient CyprusWhat Cypriots grew, herded, hunted, cooked and drank from the first Neolithic villages to the end of the Cypro-Archaic period.NeolithicChalcolithicEarly Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
Food Storage in Ancient Cyprus: Pits, Pithoi and StoreroomsHow Cypriots stored grain, oil and wine, from Chalcolithic pits and household jars to the great pithos halls of the Late Bronze Age towns.NeolithicChalcolithicEarly Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-Archaic
Furniture in Ancient CyprusHow Cypriots sat, slept and stored goods from the Neolithic to the Archaic kingdoms, known almost entirely from built benches, clay models, seals and royal tombs.NeolithicChalcolithicEarly Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-Archaic
Medicine and Healing in Ancient CyprusDisease, drugs, doctors and healing cults in ancient Cyprus, from Neolithic skeletons to the physician Onasilos of Idalion in the early fifth century BCE.NeolithicLate Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
Mirrors, Combs and Toilet ObjectsGrooming tools from ancient Cyprus, from Bronze Age razors, tweezers and pins to Late Cypriot mirrors and combs and the strigils of the Archaic to Roman periods.Early Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-ArchaicCypro-ClassicalHellenisticRoman
Music and Musical Instruments in Ancient CyprusLyres, double pipes, frame drums, cymbals and clay rattles in Cyprus from the Late Bronze Age to the Cypro-Classical period, known mostly from terracotta musicians.Late Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
Population and Demography in Ancient CyprusThe methods and published estimates for how many people lived in ancient Cyprus, from Neolithic Khirokitia to the Classical kingdoms, where every figure is a model.NeolithicChalcolithicMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-ArchaicCypro-Classical
Subsistence, Craft, and Community in Prehistoric and Archaic CyprusSectionHow ordinary Cypriots farmed, herded, cooked, built houses and made pots, tools and cloth from the Neolithic to the Cypro-Archaic period.NeolithicChalcolithicEarly Bronze AgeMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-Archaic
Writing and Literacy in Ancient CyprusThe scripts of ancient Cyprus, from undeciphered Cypro-Minoan to the Cypriot Syllabary, Eteocypriot, Phoenician and the Greek alphabet, and who used them.Late Bronze AgeCypro-GeometricCypro-ArchaicCypro-ClassicalHellenistic
Environment
1 entrySection overview
Materials
3 entriesSection overview
Ivory, Bone, Shell and WoodIvory, bone, shell and wood were the organic raw materials of ancient Cypriot craft; the first three often survive, while wood is known mostly from traces.NeolithicChalcolithicLate Bronze AgeCypro-Archaic- MaterialsSectionWhat Cypriot objects were made of, from Troodos copper and local limestone to imported faience, glass and ivory, and where to browse each material in the catalogue.ChalcolithicMiddle Bronze AgeLate Bronze AgeCypro-ArchaicCypro-ClassicalRoman
- Stone in Ancient CyprusCypriots worked local chert, igneous rocks, picrolite and limestone from the Neolithic onwards, and imported marble, alabaster and gemstones.NeolithicChalcolithicLate Bronze AgeCypro-ArchaicCypro-ClassicalHellenisticRoman