Scholar · Critic / journalist

Georges Perrot

1832–1914 · France

French art historian who never visited Cyprus but wrote its main French-language synthesis, criticised Cesnola's Golgoi excavation in 1879 and drew on Cesnola's letters for the 1885 volume.

Biography

Georges Perrot never went to Cyprus, yet he wrote its main French-language synthesis of the 1870s and 1880s. Born in November 1832, a few months after Luigi Palma di Cesnola, he went in 1860 as a member of the French School at Athens to Ancyra and Asia Minor, rather than to Cyprus1. He became a professor in the Faculty of Letters in Paris and a member of the Institut.

Britain's takeover of the island in 1878 prompted three articles, "L'île de Cypre", in the Revue des Deux Mondes, dated 1 December 1878, 1 February 1879 and 15 May 18791,8. The second was courteous to Cesnola and contained details that Olivier Masson thinks came from Cesnola himself1. It also answered Franz von Löher's claim that the French had destroyed the second Amathus vase2. The third regretted that the architect Edmond Duthoit had not drawn the plan of the Golgoi sanctuary and described Cesnola's digging there as "rude et destructrice"1,4. Cesnola, by then in New York, told Heinrich Schliemann on 7 July 1879 that the article was untruthful, unjust and undeserved. Perrot did not reply in print1,3.

For the Cyprus volume of the Histoire de l'art dans l'antiquité (1885), written with Charles Chipiez, Cesnola supplied notes and letters, among them letters of 13 August and 21 September 1884 on the Amathus tombs1. R. S. Merrillees shows that the volume garbled the provenance of the Louvre silver bowls, repeating an earlier error of Perrot's about Saulcy5. Perrot died in 1914; his papers were destroyed between then and 1930, so the exchange with Cesnola survives only from Cesnola's side1.

Life and work

  1. 1860
    Left for Ancyra and Asia Minor (publication of the Galatia and Bithynia exploration, 1862), so he did not go to Cyprus in the 1860s as an Athens School member might have

    Masson 1992, p. 148

  2. 1 December 1878
    First of three articles 'L'île de Cypre, son rôle dans l'histoire' in the Revue des Deux Mondes (1 Dec 1878; 1 Feb 1879; 15 May 1879), written after Britain took Cyprus in summer 1878

    ParisMasson 1992, pp. 148-149Cobham 1908

  3. 1878
    Praised Demetrios Pierides for salvaging and publishing inscriptions and for his numismatic work with Lang on the staters of Alexander

    Marangou 2000, p. 23

  4. February 1879
    Second article ('Fouilles et découvertes - Le Général de Cesnola et le Musée Métropolitain de New York') drew on information that Masson thinks came from Cesnola himself (Besbes the dragoman, Cesnola's camera, the tourists at the consulate museum); refuted von Löher's claim that the French destroyed the second Amathus vase in 1865

    Masson 1992, pp. 149-151Fivel 1990, p. 3

  5. 15 May 1879
    Third article called Cesnola's digging at the Golgoi temple 'rude et destructrice' (Masson: 'brutale'), a mine worked fast for objects to collect or sell, and regretted that the architect Duthoit had not been able to give the plan

    Masson 1992, p. 151Tatton-Brown 2001, p. 31Foucart-Borville 1985

  6. 7 July 1879
    Cesnola, writing from New York to Schliemann, denounced Perrot's third article as 'untruthful, unjust and undeserved' and his own digs as called 'brutal' by Perrot; the quarrel was at least epistolary and Perrot did not reply in print

    New YorkMasson 1992, pp. 151-152Marangou 2000, pp. 288-290

  7. 1883–1884
    Prepared the Cyprus volume of the Histoire de l'art dans l'antiquité; Cesnola supplied notes and letters, quoted (e.g. on Amathus tombs, letters of 13 Aug and 21 Sept 1884)

    Masson 1992, pp. 149

  8. 1885
    Perrot and Chipiez, Histoire de l'art dans l'antiquité III: Phénicie-Cypre; the standard synthesis of its day. It repeats Perrot's earlier mistake of crediting Saulcy with the Louvre silver bowls and gives a garbled account of their provenance

    ParisMerrillees 2016Given 2025

Connections

5 people

Fieldwork & employment

Disputes & the law

Scholarship

Colleagues & contacts

On Ancient Cyprus

5 pages

Sources

  1. 1.O. Masson (1992). “Diplomates et amateurs d'antiquités à Chypre vers 1866-1878”. Journal des Savants, 123-154.
  2. 2.Léon Fivel (1990). “Le second vase d'Amathonte”. Cahiers du Centre d'Études Chypriotes 13. Online
  3. 3.A. G. Marangou (ed.) (2000). The Consul Luigi Palma di Cesnola 1832-1904: Life and Deeds.
  4. 4.Veronica Tatton-Brown (ed.) (2001). Cyprus in the 19th Century AD: Fact, Fancy and Fiction. Oxford, Oxbow.
  5. 5.Robert Stuart Merrillees (2016). “Studies on the provenances of the stele of Sargon II from Larnaca (Kition) and the two so-called Dhali (Idalion) silver bowls in the Louvre”. Cahiers du Centre d'Études Chypriotes 46, 349-386. Online
  6. 6.Salomon Reinach (1891). Chroniques d'Orient.
  7. 7.Jacques Foucart-Borville (1985). “La correspondance chypriote d'Edmond Duthoit (1862 et 1865)”. Cahiers du Centre d'Études Chypriotes 4, 3-60. Online
  8. 8.C. D. Cobham (1908). Excerpta Cypria: Materials for a History of Cyprus. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. Online
  9. 9.Michael Given (2025). “Over the landscape, in the landscape? Knowledge and agency in Cypriot archaeology, 1870-1910”. Empire & Excavation: Critical perspectives on archaeology in British-period Cyprus, 1878-1960. Leiden, Sidestone Press.
  10. 10.G. Perrot (1878). “L'île de Cypre, son rôle dans l'histoire”. Revue des Deux Mondes 30.
  11. 11.G. Perrot, C. Chipiez (1885). Histoire de l'art dans l'antiquité. Tome III: Phénicie-Cypre. Paris, Hachette.