Archaeologist · Curator · Cataloguer
Henry Beauchamp Walters
1867–1944 · United Kingdom
British Museum assistant who superintended the Turner Bequest excavations at Kourion in 1895 and Maroni in 1897 and later catalogued the museum's bronzes, terracottas and vases.
Biography
H. B. Walters dug 118 tombs at Kourion between 24 January and 11 April 1895, the second season paid for by the bequest of Miss Emma Turner to the British Museum1,4. Alexander Stuart Murray described him as a Cambridge graduate and Etonian who "will do the work excellently"2. He worked with the museum's agents in Cyprus, John William Williamson and Percy Christian, across five cemeteries and a small sanctuary, the "Temple Site", which yielded a bilingual dedication to Demeter and Kore1,4. Thomas Kiely and Ulbrich judge his methods inferior to Myres's at Amathus; no plan or section of any Bronze Age tomb at Bamboula was made, though the site gave the first sizeable body of Late Bronze Age tomb material recorded in situ1. He wrote to the museum that a scarab with Egyptian hieroglyphs lay in the same tomb as a Mycenaean kylix, offered as "evidences of date"2.
In November and December 1897 he superintended the excavation of 28 numbered tombs at Maroni, at Tsaroukkas and Vournes. He reported about thirty productive tombs in the first month and nothing exceptional; part of the gold and a representative series of pottery went to the Cyprus Museum in the division of finds1,3. The work moved briefly to Hala Sultan Tekke in December1.
With Murray and Arthur Hamilton Smith he wrote Excavations in Cyprus (1900)7. He also catalogued the museum's bronzes (1899), terracottas (1903), Greek and Etruscan vases (1912) and engraved gems (1926)4,6. In December 1899 he wrote the accession entries for the Kouklia finds the museum acquired, and Kiely thinks the findspot he gave was probably copied from the report of F. B. Welch; the 1903 and 1912 catalogues reproduce some of these pieces6.
Life and work
- 1895Chosen to superintend the Turner Bequest's second season at Kourion. Murray described him as a 'Cambridge graduate of some distinction and an old Eton boy' who 'will do the work excellently'.
- 24 January 1895 – 11 April 1895Directed the BM (Turner Bequest) excavation at Kourion: 118 tombs in five cemeteries (Sites A, B, D, E) and a small sanctuary (Site C, the 'Temple Site', with a bilingual Cypro-Syllabic/Greek dedication to Demeter and Kore). Aided by the Cyprus-resident BM agents John W. Williamson and Percy Christian. His field journal is 'Notes at Curium'. Recording was weaker than Myres's at Amathus: no plan or section of any Bronze Age tomb at Bamboula.
KourionBailey & Hockey 2001, p. 131Nikolaou 2017, p. 6Ulbrich & Kiely 2012, pp. 41-42Myres & Ohnefalsch-Richter 1899, cat. entry line 'Kurion, 1895'
- 5 March 1895Opened Tomb 73 in Site B (church land of Ayios Ermoyenis), a three-chamber tomb with silver and other objects; listed in his notebook and in a letter of 23 March 1895 to the BM Principal Librarian.
KourionBailey & Hockey 2001, p. 131
- 1895Wrote to the BM about a scarab with Egyptian hieroglyphs found in the same Kourion tomb as a Mycenaean kylix, offered as 'evidences of date'.
- November–December 1897Superintended BM excavations at Maroni-Zarukas/Tsaroukkas (28 numbered tombs, mostly Tsaroukkas, some Vournes), with trial work at Mari and Kalavasos, then a short stint at Hala Sultan Tekke-Vysakia. Only ~30 productive tombs in the first month; no single object of exceptional value. A share of the gold and a representative selection of pottery went to the Cyprus Museum in the distribution; starred items were later transferred to the BM.
MaroniMyres & Ohnefalsch-Richter 1899Ulbrich & Kiely 2012, pp. 42-43
- 1897Division of finds from Maroni: part allotted to the Cyprus Museum, the rest to the BM; Walters's Maroni report is printed in the Cyprus Museum Catalogue Tomb Groups section.
- 1900Co-authored with A. S. Murray and A. H. Smith 'Excavations in Cyprus' (London), the Turner Bequest report. The Kourion Tomb 73 description is at pp. 82-83.
- 1903Published Catalogue of the Terracottas in the Department of Greek and Roman Antiquities, British Museum.
- 1912Published Catalogue of the Greek and Etruscan Vases in the British Museum I, 2 (London 1912), which includes Cypriot pottery (C-numbers) and is cited for items from Kouklia and the SCE material.
- 1926Published Catalogue of the Engraved Gems, Greek, Etruscan and Roman in the British Museum.
Connections
8 peopleFieldwork & employment
- Employed by Alexander Stuart Murray1895–1897
- Excavated with John William Williamson1895
- Excavated with Percy Christian1895
Disputes & the law
- Rival of Sir Arthur John Evans1900
Scholarship
- Corresponded with Alexander Stuart Murray1895
- Published material of Francis Bertram Welch1899–1912
- Wrote with Alexander Stuart Murray1900
- Wrote with Arthur Hamilton Smith1900
- Material published by Jane Johnsonprobably1980
Colleagues & contacts
- Worked with Alexander Stuart Murray1895–1900
- Preceded J. W. Crowfoot1897–1898
- Succeeded by J. W. Crowfoot1898
- Connected with Alexander Stuart Murray
On Ancient Cyprus
3 pagesSources
- 1.Anja Ulbrich, Thomas Kiely (2012). “Britain and the Archaeology of Cyprus. I. The long 19th century”. Cahiers du Centre d'Études Chypriotes 42. Online
- 2.Polina Nikolaou (2017). “Authoring the ancient sites of Cyprus in the late nineteenth century: the British Museum excavation notebooks, 1893-1896”. Journal of Historical Geography 57. Online
- 3.J. L. Myres, M. Ohnefalsch-Richter (1899). A Catalogue of the Cyprus Museum. Oxford, Clarendon Press.
- 4.Donald M. Bailey, Marilyn Hockey (2001). “'New' objects from British Museum Tomb 73 at Curium”. Cyprus in the 19th Century AD: Fact, Fancy and Fiction, 109-133. Oxford, Oxbow Books.
- 5.Veronica Tatton-Brown (ed.) (2001). Cyprus in the 19th Century AD: Fact, Fancy and Fiction. Oxford, Oxbow.
- 6.T. Kiely (2015). “Finds from Kouklia in the British Museum”. Cahiers du Centre d'Études Chypriotes 45, 63-80.
- 7.A. S. Murray, A. H. Smith, H. B. Walters (1900). Excavations in Cyprus: Bequest of Miss E. T. Turner to the British Museum. London, Trustees of the British Museum.
- 8.H. B. Walters (1899). Catalogue of the Bronzes in the British Museum. London, British Museum.
- 9.H. B. Walters (1903). Catalogue of the Terracottas in the Department of Greek and Roman Antiquities, British Museum. London, British Museum.
- 10.H. B. Walters (1912). Catalogue of the Greek and Etruscan Vases in the British Museum I, 2. London, British Museum.
- 11.H. B. Walters (1926). Catalogue of the Engraved Gems, Greek, Etruscan and Roman in the British Museum. London, British Museum.