Agent · Excavator · Dealer
Percy Christian
1871–1950 · United Kingdom
Limassol agent of the British Museum who did most of its field work in Cyprus from 1893, took over the Enkomi dig from A. S. Murray in 1896 and ran the Kouklia campaign with F. B. Welch in 1899.
Biography
When A. S. Murray left the British Museum's Enkomi excavation in the spring of 1896, the man who took it over was Percy Christian, a Limassol resident who had already worked for the Museum for three years5,7. The younger brother of Charles Christian, he had been the Museum's agent since its first Turner Bequest campaign at Amathus in 1893, keeping the pay lists and transcribing the official notebook1,2,8. At Enkomi he directed the digging recorded in the notebook as tombs 38 to 100 and wrote the entry for Tomb 66, until Arthur Hamilton Smith took over later that year5,6,7. His letters to A. S. Murray describe the Enkomi gold1.
In 1899 he ran the Kouklia and Klavdhia campaigns with F. B. Welch, who complained that he was unreliable. Kiely calls that unfair and notes that Christian paid the workmen from his own pocket until funds reached him from London8. His business interests lay in the west of the island, among them a mining concession near Polis, and he urged the Museum to employ him as its permanent buying agent8. He also sold antiquities on his own account: a jug offered at Christie's in 2001 carries the ink inscription "Cyprus, Bt. of Percy Christian 1897"11. H. Rider Haggard, who stayed with him in 1900, describes a tumulus Christian had opened, and the gold and ivory casket from Enkomi10. Nikolaou puts Christian's death at c. 1950, Ulbrich and Kiely at c. 19533,7.
Life and work
- 1893BM agent from the first Turner Bequest campaign at Amathus; kept pay lists and transcribed the official notebook
AmathusKiely 2015, p. 5Goring 1983, p. 41Nikolaou 2017, pp. 6-7
- May–July 1896Directed the BM Enkomi dig after Murray left (tombs 38-100) until A. H. Smith took over; wrote the field notebook entry for Tomb 66
EnkomiTatton-Brown 2003, pp. 14-49Nikolaou 2017, p. 7Crewe 2009, p. 27
- 1897Sold Cypriot pottery: ink inscription on a jug base reads 'Cyprus, Bt. of Percy Christian 1897' (buyer not named)
- 1899Ran the BM Kouklia and Klavdhia campaigns with F. B. Welch; Welch complained of him, Kiely calls the 'feckless' label unfair; Christian advanced pay from his own pocket until funds came from London
KoukliaKiely 2015, pp. 5-8
- 1900Hosted H. Rider Haggard, who describes Christian's earlier opening of a tumulus and his BM finds at Enkomi (gold, ivory casket)
CyprusHaggard 1901
Connections
11 peopleFamily
- Sibling of Charles Christian
- Sibling of Frank Christian
Fieldwork & employment
- Employed by Alexander Stuart Murray1893–1899
- Employed Gregorios Antonioupossibly1893–1897
- Excavated with Henry Beauchamp Walters1895
- Excavated with Alexander Stuart Murray1896
- Employed Miras Pitronprobably1896
Scholarship
- Corresponded with Alexander Stuart Murray1896–1899
- Corresponded with Francis Bertram Welch1899
Colleagues & contacts
- Worked with Charles Christian1883–1899
- Worked with John William Williamson1893–1899
- Connected with John Linton Myres1894
- Succeeded Alexander Stuart Murray1896
- Preceded Arthur Hamilton Smith1896
- Succeeded by Arthur Hamilton Smith1896
- Worked with Arthur Hamilton Smith1896
- Worked with Francis Bertram Welch1899
- Connected with Mr Wodehouse1899
On Ancient Cyprus
1 pageSources
- 1.Elizabeth Sarah Goring (1983). “Late Cypriot Goldwork, vol. 1”. PhD thesis, Bedford College, University of London.
- 2.Veronica Tatton-Brown (ed.) (2001). Cyprus in the 19th Century AD: Fact, Fancy and Fiction. Oxford, Oxbow.
- 3.Anja Ulbrich, Thomas Kiely (2012). “Britain and the Archaeology of Cyprus. I. The long 19th century”. Cahiers du Centre d'Études Chypriotes 42. Online
- 4.Anna Holly Reeve (2021). “Ancient Cyprus in Leeds: Objects, Networks and Museums from 1870 to 1947”. PhD thesis, University of Leeds.
- 5.Veronica Tatton-Brown (2003). “Enkomi: The Notebook in the British Museum”. Cahiers du Centre d'Études Chypriotes 33, 9-66. Online
- 6.Lindy Crewe (2009). “Feasting with the dead? Tomb 66 at Enkomi”. Ancient Cyprus in the British Museum: Essays in Honour of Veronica Tatton-Brown, 27-.
- 7.Polina Nikolaou (2017). “Authoring the ancient sites of Cyprus in the late nineteenth century: the British Museum excavation notebooks, 1893-1896”. Journal of Historical Geography 57. Online
- 8.T. Kiely (2015). “Finds from Kouklia in the British Museum”. Cahiers du Centre d'Études Chypriotes 45, 63-80.
- 9.J. L. Myres, M. Ohnefalsch-Richter (1899). A Catalogue of the Cyprus Museum. Oxford, Clarendon Press.
- 10.H. Rider Haggard (1901). A Winter Pilgrimage: Being an Account of Travels through Palestine, Italy and the Island of Cyprus. London, Longmans, Green. Online
- 11.Christie's (2001). Sale 9296, lot 150.