Excavator · Archaeologist · Scholar

Olivier Pelon

fl. 1970–1976 · France

French archaeologist who took over the Enkomi excavations from C. F. A. Schaeffer in the early 1970s and published on the town's domed tombs, until the 1974 war ended the expedition.

Biography

Olivier Pelon examined the domed tombs at Enkomi during the 21st campaign of the French expedition in October and November 1970, when C. F. A. Schaeffer was still general director. Two vaulted tombs in the centre of the town were under study, and their relation to the Aegean tholoi of the second millennium BC, at Crete and Mycenae, still had to be settled1. Jacques Lagarce worked the wells and cisterns of the same area1.

By March 1971 the chronicle of excavations in Cyprus prints the report "submitted by the director of the French mission, M. O. Pelon"2. In the campaign of 15 March to 10 April he opened a new site in the quarter west of the "Temple Area" explored by Porphyrios Dikaios. One sounding of under 40 square metres held seven robbers' pits; it also gave last-phase floors, twelfth-century pottery and bronze arrow and spear heads, and no copper-working installation although slag occurred at every level. Under his direction the built tombs were cleaned for publication2. The 23rd campaign, in September 1972, was also under his direction, with work in quarters 4 W and 6 W3. Nicolaou describes the expedition as headed by Professor Olivier Pelon, who had taken over from Schaeffer4. Sources differ on the handover: the Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East gives Pelon the leadership from 1971 to 1973, while Nicolaou dates it from 19725,7.

His own publications were "Les tholoi d'Enkomi", printed in 1973 in the acts of the Nicosia symposium on the Mycenaeans in the Eastern Mediterranean (pp. 245-253), and Tholoi, tumuli et cercles funeraires, on circular funerary monuments of the Aegean Bronze Age (Athens and Paris, 1976)8. He co-signed preliminary reports in Syria with Elisabeth and Jacques Lagarce9. His birth and death dates are not recorded. The 1974 war ended the expedition's work at Enkomi.

Life and work

  1. 1970
    During the 21st campaign (Oct-Nov 1970), directed generally by C. F. A. Schaeffer, 'M. Pelon' examined two vaulted (dome-shaped) tombs in the centre of the town, whose origin and supposed kinship with the tholoi of the Aegean in the second millennium (Crete, Mycenae) remained to be established.

    EnkomiKarageorghis 1971

  2. March 1971
    As director of the French mission he reported the campaign of 15 March-10 April 1971 (22nd by the numbering of Lagarce's bibliography). He opened a new site west of the 'Temple Area' explored by P. Dikaios (quarter 4 W): a trench grid of 9.5 x 4 m units, many clandestine pits dug by tomb robbers, last-phase floors, a hearth, bronze arrowhead and spearhead, much 12th-century pottery, no copper-working installation. Wagonettes were lent by the Department of Antiquities. Under his direction the built tombs ('Syrian-type', compared with those found by Schaeffer at Ras Shamra) and their surroundings were cleaned for publication, while J.-Cl. Courtois dug the 4 E sector, W. Johnstone completed his study of the 1963 brick tholos and E. and J. Lagarce resumed work west of the main street.

    EnkomiKarageorghis 1972Caubet 2015

  3. 1971–1973
    Co-signed the preliminary Enkomi reports (Syria 48, 1971, pp. 327-330 'Rapport sommaire sur la XXIIe campagne'; Syria 50, 1973, pp. 110-114 with E. and J. Lagarce; BCH 96 and 97 Enkomi notes) as O. Pelon, the 1970 reports being under Schaeffer's name.

    Caubet 2015

  4. 1972
    Took over leadership of the French Enkomi expedition from Schaeffer; the 23rd campaign (September 1972) was under his direction, with an ashlar building west of the main street and the Temple of the Horned God (lion figurine in limestone), a looted tomb with 16th-century vases, bronze armour scales, and quarters 4 W and 6 W (rue 5). Nicolaou's reports record a fragmentary Cypro-Minoan baked-clay tablet under an ashlar house floor in the southern sector that year.

    EnkomiNicolaou 1973Nicolaou 1976Karageorghis 1973

  5. 1973
    Published 'Les tholoi d'Enkomi' in the acts of the symposium The Mycenaeans in the Eastern Mediterranean (Nicosia, 27 March-2 April 1972), pp. 245-253.

    NicosiaRogge et al. 2019

  6. 1976
    Published Tholoi, tumuli et cercles funeraires: recherches sur les monuments funeraires de plan circulaire dans l'Egee de l'Age du Bronze (Athens-Paris 1976).

    AthensRogge et al. 2019

Connections

6 people

Fieldwork & employment

Colleagues & contacts

Sources

  1. 1.V. Karageorghis (1971). “Chronique des fouilles et découvertes archéologiques à Chypre en 1970”. Bulletin de correspondance hellénique 95.
  2. 2.V. Karageorghis (1972). “Chronique des fouilles et découvertes archéologiques à Chypre en 1971”. Bulletin de correspondance hellénique 96.
  3. 3.V. Karageorghis (1973). “Chronique des fouilles et découvertes archéologiques à Chypre en 1972”. Bulletin de correspondance hellénique 97.
  4. 4.Kyriakos Nicolaou (1973). “Archaeological News from Cyprus, 1972”. American Journal of Archaeology 77, 425-433.
  5. 5.K. Nicolaou (1976). “Archaeology in Cyprus, 1969-76”. Archaeological Reports 22.
  6. 6.N. Robertson (ed.) (1975). The Archaeology of Cyprus: Recent Developments. Park Ridge, N.J., Noyes Press.
  7. 7.Eric M. Meyers (ed.) (1997). The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East. New York, Oxford University Press.
  8. 8.S. Rogge (ed.), Ch. Ioannou (ed.), Th. Mavrojannis (ed.) (2019). Salamis of Cyprus: History and Archaeology from the Earliest Times to Late Antiquity. Münster, Waxmann.
  9. 9.Annie Caubet (2015). “In Memoriam : Élisabeth Lagarce (1941-2015)”. Cahiers du Centre d'Études Chypriotes 45, 11-13.
  10. 10.Olivier Pelon (1973). “Les 'tholoi' d'Enkomi”. The Mycenaeans in the Eastern Mediterranean, Nicosia 27 March-2 April 1972, 245-253.
  11. 11.Olivier Pelon (1976). Tholoi, tumuli et cercles funéraires. Recherches sur les monuments funéraires de plan circulaire dans l'Égée de l'Âge du Bronze (IIIe et IIe millénaires av. J.-C.). Athens-Paris.
  12. 12.O. Pelon, C. Schaeffer et al. (1971). “Rapport sommaire sur la XXIIe campagne de fouilles à Enkomi-Alasia (Chypre), mars-avril 1971”. Syria 48, 327-330.