Restorer / conservator · Archaeologist · Curator · Cataloguer
Diana Buitron
fl. 1972–2002 · United States
American archaeologist who co-directed, then directed, the Walters Art Gallery's excavations in the Archaic precinct of the Apollo Hylates sanctuary at Kourion, 1978 to 1983.
Biography
Diana Buitron, later Buitron-Oliver, opened a votive deposit of about 1000 terracotta horsemen and chariots in the Archaic precinct of the Sanctuary of Apollo Hylates at Kourion. Her first recorded work in Cyprus was in 1972, when the conservator Arthur Beale could not attend the American Expedition to Idalion and sent "a student being trained under his tutelage, Diana Buitron"11.
In 1978 she and David Soren began a new American mission at the sanctuary, planned to continue the University of Pennsylvania Museum excavation of 1935 to 1953, which ended with the drowning of G. McFadden1. The sponsors in 1978 included the Walters Art Gallery. The early seasons found the Archaic enclosure level, a belt fragment with two lions and a griffin, and a circular rubble altar dated to about 600 BCE1,9.
In 1981 the work divided. Buitron directed a May season for the Walters, the University of Maryland and Johns Hopkins on the Archaic precinct, while Soren worked on the temple for the University of Missouri4. She found a second altar and a rock-crystal scarab in a gilt-silver mount, and began to open a votive deposit of terracotta horsemen and chariots4. By 1982, when she is styled curator of Greek and Roman art at the Walters, the deposit was complete: about 10,000 fragments making roughly 1000 figures, 700 of them horsemen and 300 chariots5. The campaign of 1983 was the last excavation season, and the mission is listed as on a study season in 19866,8.
She wrote the Iron Age chapter of the 1983 catalogue of the Ringling Museum's Cypriot collection at Sarasota14, and with Andrew Oliver an article on the American missionary Lorenzo Warriner Pease, published in 198815. The Archaic precinct appeared as Buitron-Oliver, The Sanctuary of Apollo Hylates at Kourion: Excavations in the Archaic Precinct (Studies in Mediterranean Archaeology 109) in 199618.
Life and work
- 1972Sent to the Idalion dig by Arthur Beale, Fogg Museum conservator, as 'a student being trained under his tutelage' when he could not be present himself; cleaned and preserved finds.
IdalionStager et al. 1974
- 1978With David Soren directed the first season (June-July 1978) of a new American mission at the Sanctuary of Apollo Hylates, continuing the University of Pennsylvania Museum excavations (Hill and McFadden, 1935-53) interrupted by McFadden's death. Sponsors named: Walters Art Gallery, Columbia Museum Associates, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Dartmouth College. Finds: earliest Archaic level with mid-5th-century Attic sherds; belt fragment with two lions and a griffin; circular rubble altar dated c. 600 BCE.
- 1979Second season, sponsored by the Walters Art Gallery and University of Missouri (with UMBC and Dartmouth) and an NEH matching grant; directed with Soren. The team worked the West Enclosure and found the 18 m diameter circular structure (Soren's sector).
- 1980Third season, with Soren; the circular rubble altar in the Archaic Precinct was systematically excavated and two small bull figurines, one of gold and one of silver, were found beneath its last course of stones.
- 1981Two separate campaigns: Buitron directed the May season (Walters Art Gallery, University of Maryland, Johns Hopkins) on the Archaic part of the sanctuary, finding a second, semicircular altar and a rock-crystal scarab in a gilt-silver mount, and opening a votive deposit of terracotta horsemen and chariots; Soren directed the other (University of Missouri).
- 1982Completed the votive deposit in the north-east of the Archaic sanctuary: about 10,000 fragments making roughly 1000 figures (700 horsemen, 300 chariots), c. 100 limestone statue fragments, a six-nozzle bronze lamp and a six-sided stone seal. Sponsors: Walters, University of Maryland, Johns Hopkins.
KourionKarageorghis 1983
- 1983Last excavation campaign under her direction: a building north of the Archaic sanctuary (probably visitor catering) and an earlier Archaic enclosure wall under the Roman north wall.
KourionKarageorghis 1984
- 1983Wrote the Iron Age introductory chapter of the catalogue of the 1983 Sarasota exhibition of the Ringling Museum's Cypriote collection, curated by Norma Kershaw (Bronze Age chapter by Ellen Herscher, Hellenistic and Roman by David Gordon Mitten).
SarasotaKarageorghis 2001
- 1984–1986Mission listed in the Chronique as continuing (1984) and as on a study season for publication (1986), still under her direction.
- 1988With Andrew Oliver published an article on Lorenzo Warriner Pease, American missionary in Cyprus 1834-1839, in RDAC 1988 part II (listed in the Life and Deeds bibliography).
- 1996Published the Archaic Precinct excavations as SIMA 109 (Jonsered: Astroms forlag), with contributors' chapters on terracottas (N. Winter), metalwork (A. Oliver), seals (E. Gubel), animal sacrifice (S. Davis).
Connections
9 peopleFieldwork & employment
- Excavated with David Soren1978–1985
Scholarship
- Student of Arthur Beale1972
- Wrote with Darice Birge1980
- Wrote with Norma Kershaw1983
- Wrote with Andrew Oliver1988–2002
- Published material of Luigi Palma di Cesnola1997
- Published material of Vicomte Eugène de Castillon de Saint-Victor1998–2001
Colleagues & contacts
- Worked with Reuben G. Bullard1979
- Worked with Robert L. Scranton1979
On Ancient Cyprus
3 pages- Iron Age Cities: KourionArticle
- Two Figures and a TreeArticle
- Ring-Dance GroupsCompendium
Sources
- 1.V. Karageorghis (1979). “Chronique des fouilles et découvertes archéologiques à Chypre en 1978”. Bulletin de correspondance hellénique 103.
- 2.V. Karageorghis (1980). “Chronique des fouilles et découvertes archéologiques à Chypre en 1979”. Bulletin de correspondance hellénique 104.
- 3.V. Karageorghis (1981). “Chronique des fouilles et découvertes archéologiques à Chypre en 1980”. Bulletin de correspondance hellénique 105.
- 4.V. Karageorghis (1982). “Chronique des fouilles et découvertes archéologiques à Chypre en 1981”. Bulletin de correspondance hellénique 106.
- 5.V. Karageorghis (1983). “Chronique des fouilles et découvertes archéologiques à Chypre en 1982”. Bulletin de correspondance hellénique 107.
- 6.V. Karageorghis (1984). “Chronique des fouilles et découvertes archéologiques à Chypre en 1983”. Bulletin de correspondance hellénique 108.
- 7.V. Karageorghis (1985). “Chronique des fouilles et découvertes archéologiques à Chypre en 1984”. Bulletin de correspondance hellénique 109.
- 8.V. Karageorghis (1987). “Chronique des fouilles et découvertes archéologiques à Chypre en 1986”. Bulletin de correspondance hellénique 111.
- 9.K. Nicolaou (1981). “Archaeology in Cyprus, 1976-80”. Archaeological Reports 27.
- 10.D. J. Symons (1986-1987). “Archaeology in Cyprus, 1981-85”. Archaeological Reports 33, 62-77.
- 11.L. E. Stager (ed.), A. Walker (ed.), G. E. Wright (ed.) (1974). American Expedition to Idalion, Cyprus: First Preliminary Report, Seasons of 1971 and 1972. American Schools of Oriental Research.
- 12.Benjamin Costello IV (2014). Architecture and Material Culture from the Earthquake House at Kourion, Cyprus. Oxford, Archaeopress.
- 13.F. Vandenabeele (2001). “Collecting vases with figurines/protomes in the nineteenth century AD”. Cyprus in the 19th Century AD: Fact, Fancy and Fiction, 184-188. Oxford, Oxbow.
- 14.V. Karageorghis (2001). “The Cypriote collection in the Ringling Museum, Sarasota (Florida)”. Cahiers du Centre d'Études Chypriotes 31.
- 15.A. G. Marangou (ed.) (2000). The Consul Luigi Palma di Cesnola 1832-1904: Life and Deeds.
- 16.D. Buitron, D. Soren (1981). “Excavations in the Sanctuary of Apollo Hylates at Kourion, 1979 and 1980”. Studies in Cypriote Archaeology, 117-.
- 17.D. Buitron (1982). “The Archaic Precinct at Kourion: 1981 Excavations”. Report of the Department of Antiquities, Cyprus, 144-147.
- 18.D. Buitron-Oliver (1996). The Sanctuary of Apollo Hylates at Kourion: Excavations in the Archaic Precinct. Jonsered, Paul Åströms Förlag.
- 19.D. Buitron-Oliver (1997). “Kourion: The Evidence for the Kingdom from the 11th to the 6th Century B.C.”. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 308, 27-36.
- 20.Buitron, Birge. “Sanctuary of Apollo Hylates, Kourion, 1980: Excavations; The Cult”. Online