Excavator · Expedition member · Scholar

M. R. James

fl. 1887–1891 · United Kingdom

Cambridge Fellow of King's College who joined the 1888 Cyprus Exploration Fund team, dug Leontari Vouno and worked at Old Paphos before leaving on 2 April 1888.

Biography

When the Cyprus Exploration Fund sent its first team to the island in 1887-88, the Cambridge place that H. B. Smith could not take went to M. R. James, Fellow of King's College1. His forenames are not given in the expedition's report. The expedition worked as students of the British School at Athens under Ernest A. Gardner, with D. G. Hogarth and, later, the architect R. Elsey Smith, and James is a co-author of the report in the Journal of Hellenic Studies1.

To learn Cypriot methods the team first dug Leontari Vouno, about four miles south of Nicosia, and the site was entrusted to James. He wrote that part of the report, describing massive masonry which the team called Crusader, mounds and cairns with Bronze Age pottery, cisterns, house foundations and an unfinished principal shaft1. He then worked at Kouklia, the site of Old Paphos, until he was compelled to leave for England on 2 April 18881. Myres and Ohnefalsch-Richter's catalogue of the Cyprus Museum indexes him at Leondari Vouno and at Paphos4, and Hogarth recorded visiting the church at Aschelia with him and Elsey Smith5. The season's finds were divided with the government's representative and shipped to the British Museum, the Ashmolean and the Fitzwilliam1.

Salomon Reinach objected in 1888 that "a Mr. James from Cambridge" was both the government's representative and Cambridge's, a note reprinted in The Owl8.

Life and work

  1. 1887
    Took the place of H. B. Smith, one of Cambridge's two representatives on the Cyprus Exploration Fund committee, who was unable to go to Cyprus. Cambridge's Worts Travelling Bachelor's Fund grant was the funding source.

    Gardner et al. 1888

  2. 1888 – 2 April 1888
    Worked with Gardner, Hogarth and Elsey Smith at the sanctuary and tombs of Kouklia (Old Paphos) until he had to return to England on 2 April 1888; copied inscriptions.

    KoukliaGardner et al. 1888Gardner et al. 1888, p. 39

  3. 1888
    Reinach (Revue archeologique, 1888, reprinted 10 Nov 1888 in The Owl) wrote that the Cyprus government had appointed 'a Mr. James from Cambridge' as its representative with the foreign missions although he was also Cambridge University's representative and the University was to receive part of the finds; Ohnefalsch-Richter replied in The Owl.

    Marangou 2000, p. 356

  4. 1888
    Co-author with Gardner, Hogarth and R. Elsey Smith of 'Excavations in Cyprus, 1887-88', JHS 9, the report on the CEF's first season; James wrote the Leontari Vouno section and a paper on the early accounts of Kouklia.

    Gardner et al. 1888Maier & Karageorghis 1984, n. 5Maier 2004

  5. 1888
    Visited the Aschelia church with R. Elsey Smith and Hogarth.

    AscheliaHogarth 1889, p. 43

Connections

5 people

Fieldwork & employment

Scholarship

Colleagues & contacts

Sources

  1. 1.E. A. Gardner, D. G. Hogarth, M. R. James, R. Elsey Smith (1888). “Excavations in Cyprus, 1887-88”. Journal of Hellenic Studies 9, 147-271.
  2. 2.E. A. Gardner, D. G. Hogarth, M. R. James, R. Elsey Smith (1888). “Excavations in Cyprus, 1887-88”. Journal of Hellenic Studies 9, 147-271.
  3. 3.Anja Ulbrich, Thomas Kiely (2012). “Britain and the Archaeology of Cyprus. I. The long 19th century”. Cahiers du Centre d'Études Chypriotes 42. Online
  4. 4.J. L. Myres, M. Ohnefalsch-Richter (1899). A Catalogue of the Cyprus Museum. Oxford, Clarendon Press.
  5. 5.D. G. Hogarth (1889). Devia Cypria. London.
  6. 6.F. G. Maier, V. Karageorghis (1984). Paphos: History and Archaeology. 383 pp.. Nicosia, A. G. Leventis Foundation.
  7. 7.F. G. Maier (2004). Guide to Palaipaphos (Kouklia). Nicosia, Bank of Cyprus Cultural Foundation.
  8. 8.A. G. Marangou (ed.) (2000). The Consul Luigi Palma di Cesnola 1832-1904: Life and Deeds.
  9. 9.M. K. Toumazou (ed.), P. N. Kardulias (ed.), D. B. Counts (ed.) (2011). Crossroads and Boundaries: The Archaeology of Past and Present in the Malloura Valley, Cyprus.