Restorer / conservator · Scholar
Ernest Hawkins
Ernest J. W. Hawkins
fl. 1952–1977
Restorer of Byzantine mosaics and wall paintings who worked in Cyprus from 1952 to 1970 and co-wrote the Kanakaria monograph later used as evidence over the church's looted mosaics.
Biography
Ernest J. W. Hawkins restored the apse mosaic of the church of Panayia Kanakaria at Lythrankomi, and the photographs in the book he wrote about it with A. H. S. Megaw later served as evidence when its looted mosaics turned up in the United States. Annemarie Weyl Carr describes him as the restorer of the Hagia Sophia mosaics and one of the Byzantine Institute of America's personnel; he came to Cyprus in 1952 at the invitation of Megaw, then Director of Antiquities, to begin on Kanakaria1. Megaw's memoir calls him a specialist with much Constantinople experience2. His dates of birth and death are not recorded.
He returned in 1954 for the frescoes of the Holy Apostles at Perachorio, finished in 1960, while Kanakaria continued until 19701. In 1961 the Institute cleared and repaired the Kanakaria mosaic under Megaw and Hawkins3. In 1965 Department of Antiquities technicians cleaned and consolidated the wall mosaic in the Gymnasium baths at Salamis, and Hawkins began work with David Winfield on the Asinou frescoes, whose third and last campaign was in 19675,6. He directed the Dumbarton Oaks work at Ayios Chrysostomos, Koutsovendis, completed in 19697,8.
With Megaw he published the Perachorio frescoes in Dumbarton Oaks Papers in 196212 and the Kanakaria mosaics and frescoes in 197713. Hofstadter writes that the book's photographs were taken after the restoration of the mid-1960s and mattered at the Chicago trial over the mosaics sold to Peg Goldberg9. Carr dates that sale to February 19891. Megaw's memoir calls the outcome of the Chicago case bitter-sweet for Megaw and Hawkins2.
Life and work
- 1952Came to Cyprus at the invitation of Megaw, Director of Antiquities, to begin restoring the apse mosaic of Panayia Kanakaria; work there lasted until 1970.
LythrankomiCarr 2008, p. 2
- 1954–1960Restored the c.1160-1180 frescoes of the Holy Apostles, Perachorio (returned 1954; completed 1960).
PerachorioCarr 2008, p. 2
- 1961Byzantine Institute of America cleared and repaired the Kanakaria mosaic under the direction of Megaw and Hawkins; similar work on the fragmentary mosaic of Panayia tis Kyras, Livadhia (Famagusta).
LythrankomiDikaios 1962
- 1962With Megaw published 'The Church of the Holy Apostles at Perachorio, Cyprus, and its Frescoes', Dumbarton Oaks Papers 16 (pp. 277-350 per Menil 1991 n. 2; 279-348 in n. 4).
- 1965With technicians of the Department of Antiquities, cleaned and consolidated the wall mosaic of a large niche in the south sudatorium of the Salamis Gymnasium baths (late 3rd c., probably the slaying of the Niobids). Chronique prints 'Mr F. Hawkins'.
SalamisKarageorghis 1966
- 1965–1967With David Winfield cleaned and conserved the frescoes of Panayia Phorbiotissa, Asinou (Harvard Administrative Committee funded; started April 1965, third and last campaign 1967).
- 1968–1969Directed the Dumbarton Oaks work in the north chapel of Ayios Chrysostomos, Koutsovendis (begun 1963), completed in 1969 with cleaning of the dome where preliminary sketches were found.
KoutsovendisKarageorghis 1969Karageorghis 1970Nicolaou 1976
- 1977With Megaw published The Church of the Panagia Kanakaria at Lythrankomi in Cyprus: Its Mosaics and Frescoes (Dumbarton Oaks Studies 14). Its photographs later served as evidence in the Goldberg case over the looted mosaics (1989 sale to Peg Goldberg).
Connections
2 peopleScholarship
- Wrote with Arthur Hubert Stanley Megaw1962–1977
Colleagues & contacts
- Worked with Arthur Hubert Stanley Megaw1952–1961
- Worked with David Winfield1965–1967
On Ancient Cyprus
1 pageSources
- 1.Annemarie Weyl Carr (2008). “Dumbarton Oaks and the Legacy of Byzantine Cyprus”. Near Eastern Archaeology 71, 95-103.
- 2.“Memoir of A. H. S. (Peter) Megaw”. Online
- 3.P. Dikaios (1962). “Archaeology in Cyprus, 1959-61”. Archaeological Reports 8, 32-46. Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies. Online
- 4.K. Nicolaou (1976). “Archaeology in Cyprus, 1969-76”. Archaeological Reports 22.
- 5.V. Karageorghis (1966). “Chronique des fouilles et découvertes archéologiques à Chypre en 1965”. Bulletin de correspondance hellénique 90.
- 6.V. Karageorghis (1968). “Chronique des fouilles et découvertes archéologiques à Chypre en 1967”. Bulletin de correspondance hellénique 92.
- 7.V. Karageorghis (1969). “Chronique des fouilles et découvertes archéologiques à Chypre en 1968”. Bulletin de correspondance hellénique 93.
- 8.V. Karageorghis (1970). “Chronique des fouilles et découvertes archéologiques à Chypre en 1969”. Bulletin de correspondance hellénique 94.
- 9.Dan Hofstadter (1994). Goldberg's Angel: An Adventure in the Antiquities Trade.
- 10.Annemarie Weyl Carr, Laurence J. Morrocco (1991). A Byzantine Masterpiece Recovered: The Thirteenth-Century Murals of Lysi, Cyprus. Austin, University of Texas Press, with the Menil Foundation.
- 11.Cyprus.
- 12.A. H. S. Megaw, Ernest J. W. Hawkins (1962). “The Church of the Holy Apostles at Perachorio, Cyprus, and its Frescoes”. Dumbarton Oaks Papers 16, 277-350.
- 13.A. H. S. Megaw, E. J. W. Hawkins (1977). The Church of the Panagia Kanakaria at Lythrankomi in Cyprus: Its Mosaics and Frescoes. Washington, DC, Dumbarton Oaks.