Excavator · Scholar · Cataloguer

Derek B. Counts

fl. 1990–2020 · United States

American archaeologist at Athienou-Malloura since 1990 and the project's specialist in its limestone votive sculpture, who wrote the history of earlier digging around Athienou.

Biography

Derek B. Counts has worked at Athienou-Malloura since the first field season of the Athienou Archaeological Project in 1990, when he was one of six members of the crew under Michael K. Toumazou1. The project has surveyed and excavated the Malloura Valley since 1990 under the Department of Antiquities1. By 2011 Counts was its Associate Director and an Associate Professor of Classical Art and Archaeology at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, with a PhD from Brown in Old World archaeology and art1. His Brown dissertation of 1998 was titled Contributions to the Study of Cypriote Sculpture: Limestone Votives from Athienou-Malloura6.

In 2001 he published "Prolegomena to the Study of Cypriote Sculpture", a history of how the island's sculpture was collected and studied. It covers R.H. Lang's work at Idalion and Pyla in 1868, Max Ohnefalsch-Richter's Idalion finds of 1883 and 1885, which went to Germany, and the Cyprus Exploration Fund excavations2. In 2008 he published "Master of the Lion" in the American Journal of Archaeology4.

With Toumazou and P.N. Kardulias he edited the project's 2011 volume on the Malloura Valley, and wrote its chapter on earlier archaeological activity around Athienou1. Edmond Duthoit dug at Malloura, Ayios Photios, Golgoi and Arsos in 1862 for the Mission de Phénicie, and Counts reports that Duthoit counted 150 to 200 heads. Luigi Palma di Cesnola dug near Athienou from 1870, and Counts calls the credibility of his findspot accounts long debated. Looting followed, and then Georghios Bakalakis at Golgoi in 1969-72 and the Israeli excavations of 1971-72 at Pamboulari tis Koukounninas. Counts adds that the project has itself found large caches of sculptural fragments in looters' pits1. In 2020 he was among the authors of a study of the Malloura limestone and terracotta sculpture through 3D models5.

Life and work

  1. 1990
    Member of the first Athienou Archaeological Project field crew (with Erin Casey, Alec Macalister, Joseph Parvis, Walter Payne, Diane Stirling) under the direction of Michael K. Toumazou, in the Malloura Valley east of Athienou, which AAP surveyed and excavated from 1990 under the authority of the Department of Antiquities.

    AthienouToumazou et al. 2011, p. xviToumazou et al. 2011, p. 53

  2. 1998
    Brown University PhD dissertation 'Contributions to the Study of Cypriote Sculpture: Limestone Votives from Athienou-Malloura'.

    ProvidenceDissinger 2017

  3. 2001
    'Prolegomena to the Study of Cypriote Sculpture' (CCEC 31, 129-181): a historiography of the collecting and study of Cypriote sculpture, covering the Mission de Phenicie, Cesnola, Lang's 1868 Idalion and Pyla work (the British Museum's sculpture), Ohnefalsch-Richter's Idalion sculptures of 1883 and 1885 (taken to Germany), the Cyprus Exploration Fund and the Vienna collection.

    Counts 2001

  4. 2003
    With M. K. Toumazou, 'Artemis at Athienou-Malloura' (CCEC 33, 237-251).

    Toumazou et al. 2011

  5. 2008
    'Master of the Lion: Representation and Hybridity in Cypriote Sanctuaries', AJA 112, 3-27; 'From Siwa to Cyprus: the assimilation of Zeus Ammon in the Cypriote pantheon' (2009, in Egypt and Cyprus in Antiquity, 104-117).

    Given 2025

  6. 2011
    Co-edited (with Toumazou and Kardulias) 'Crossroads and Boundaries: The Archaeology of Past and Present in the Malloura Valley, Cyprus' (AASOR 65), and wrote ch. 4, 'A History of Archaeological Activity in the Athienou Region': Duthoit's 1862 and 1865 digs at Malloura, Ayios Photios, Golgoi and Arsos for the Mission de Phenicie under Vogue (150-200 heads reported, eight carts and 24 mules for transport; a Louvre statue said bought at Athienou, AM 3444); Cesnola's excavations from 1870 near Athienou and Ayios Photios (228 votive sculptures reported from his 'temple', the heart of the collection now in the Metropolitan Museum; other finds in Boston and elsewhere in the US); 20th-century looting, strongest in the 1920s-30s; Bakalakis 1969-72 and the Dothan/Ben-Tor Hebrew University dig at Pamboulari tis Koukounninas 1971-72; AAP from 1990. Also ch. 5 (with J. A. Parvis, a carto-historical survey) and ch. 11 on sculpture.

    AthienouToumazou et al. 2011, pp. 45-54Toumazou et al. 2011

Connections

10 people

Fieldwork & employment

Scholarship

Colleagues & contacts

On Ancient Cyprus

3 pages

Sources

  1. 1.M. K. Toumazou (ed.), P. N. Kardulias (ed.), D. B. Counts (ed.) (2011). Crossroads and Boundaries: The Archaeology of Past and Present in the Malloura Valley, Cyprus.
  2. 2.Derek Counts (2001). “Prolegomena to the Study of Cypriote Sculpture”. Cahiers du Centre d'Études Chypriotes 31, 129-181.
  3. 3.D. B. Counts (1998). Contributions to the Study of Cypriote Sculpture: Limestone Votives from Athienou-Malloura. Brown University.
  4. 4.D. Counts (2008). “Master of the Lion: Representation and Hybridity in Cypriote Sanctuaries”. American Journal of Archaeology 112, 3-27.
  5. 5.Derek B. Counts, Erin Walcek Averett, Kevin Garstki, Michael K. Toumazou (2020). Visualizing Votive Practice: Exploring Limestone and Terracotta Sculpture from Athienou-Malloura through 3D Models. Grand Forks, The Digital Press at the University of North Dakota. Online
  6. 6.Alicia Marie Dissinger (2017). “Cypro-Archaic Bird Iconography: Types, Uses, and Meanings”. University of Virginia.
  7. 7.Michael Given (2025). “Over the landscape, in the landscape? Knowledge and agency in Cypriot archaeology, 1870-1910”. Empire & Excavation: Critical perspectives on archaeology in British-period Cyprus, 1878-1960. Leiden, Sidestone Press.