Antiquities official · Colonial official
Sophocles Stavrinides
fl. 1888–1891 · Cyprus
Cyprus Government overseer in 1889 on Max Ohnefalsch-Richter's Tamassos dig for Berlin and the Cyprus Exploration Fund's tombs at Polis, whose letters record the Tamassos dig.
Biography
In the summer of 1889 the Cyprus Government appointed Sophocles Stavrinides Government Superintendent of the excavations at Tamassos, which Max Ohnefalsch-Richter was running for the Royal Berlin Museum. Michael Given calls it an "unenviable post", since Ohnefalsch-Richter had himself been turned down for the role because of the obvious conflict of interest3. Hans-Günter Buchholz describes Stavrinides as a Greek-Cypriot official and prints six of his letters to the Chief Secretary's office, dated 16 June, 23 June, 2 July, 10 July, 15 August and 29 August 1889, written first from Politiko and then from the monastery of Ayios Herakleidios, where the party lodged1.
The letters report what he saw. On 23 June he wrote that he had asked Mr Law for a book in which to record the finds. On 10 July he complained that Ohnefalsch-Richter had had a tomb opened on a Sunday in his absence1. His 29 August letter announced the end of the Politiko excavations. From 15 August he signed as Government Superintendent of the Excavations, and in the letter of 20 November as Government overseer1. Given adds that in October he reported Ohnefalsch-Richter digging in the Pedhiaios river bed without permission or a landowner's contract, in the place where villagers said the Chatsworth Head had been found, and that Ohnefalsch-Richter was told to stop until the District Commissioner visited3. Buchholz places the division of the finds between the Government and Berlin on 20 to 22 November 18891.
The same year he was appointed government overseer for the Cyprus Exploration Fund's first season at Polis, which ran from February to April under J. A. R. Munro. In late June and July 1890 Munro and Stavrinides opened about eighty more tombs there2. Nothing is recorded of his birth, later career or death.
Life and work
- 1889Appointed government overseer for the Cyprus Exploration Fund's first season at Polis (excavations ran February to April); Munro was in charge for the Fund.
Polis ChrysochousChilds et al. 2012
- 16 June 1889 – 29 August 1889Sent six reports with find lists from Politiko, later from the monastery of Ayios Herakleidios, to the Chief Secretary on Ohnefalsch-Richter's 1889 Tamassos excavation for the Royal Berlin Museum. Called 'Government Superintendent of the Excavations' from letter 5 (15 August); in letter 10 (20 November) 'Government overseer'. His 29 August letter reports the close of the excavation.
PolitikoBuchholz 2007
- 10 July 1889Reported that Ohnefalsch-Richter had had a tomb opened in his absence on a Sunday, and mentioned the monk Kyrillos, landholder of the Ayios Herakleidios monastery lands, who lodged the party and recruited workers for Ohnefalsch-Richter.
Ayios Herakleidios monasteryBuchholz 2007
- October 1889Reported that Ohnefalsch-Richter was digging in the Pedhiaios river bed outside the permitted area and without the landowner's contract, where the bronze head later known as the Chatsworth Head was said by villagers to have been found; Ohnefalsch-Richter was told to stop pending a visit from the District Commissioner.
Pedhiaios river bedGiven 2025
- 1890With Munro for the Cyprus Exploration Fund's second Polis season in late June and July, opening about eighty more tombs.
Polis ChrysochousChilds et al. 2012
Connections
5 peopleDisputes & the law
- Testified about Max Ohnefalsch-Richter1889
Scholarship
- Corresponded with Falkland Warren1889
Colleagues & contacts
- Connected with A. F. G. Law1889
- Connected with Falkland Warren1889
- Worked with John Arthur Ruskin Munro1889–1890
- Connected with Kyrillos1889
- Connected with Max Ohnefalsch-Richter1889
Sources
- 1.H.-G. Buchholz (2007). “Bemerkungen zu M. Ohnefalsch-Richters Ausgrabungen 1889 in Tamassos”. Cahiers du Centre d'Études Chypriotes 37, 231-244.
- 2.W. A. P. Childs (ed.), J. S. Smith (ed.), J. M. Padgett (ed.) (2012). City of Gold: The Archaeology of Polis Chrysochous, Cyprus. Princeton, Princeton University Art Museum.
- 3.Michael Given (2025). “Over the landscape, in the landscape? Knowledge and agency in Cypriot archaeology, 1870-1910”. Empire & Excavation: Critical perspectives on archaeology in British-period Cyprus, 1878-1960. Leiden, Sidestone Press.