Excavator · Scholar
Sarandis Symeonoglou
fl. 1970–1975 · United States
Field director of Columbia University's expedition to Phlamoudhi, Cyprus, 1970 to 1973, who excavated Vounari, surveyed the district and published the hill-top building as a sanctuary.
Biography
Sarandis Symeonoglou (also printed Sarantis) directed the fieldwork of the Columbia University expedition to Phlamoudhi in the Kyrenia district. In the first season, 10 August to 6 September 1970, he and Edith Porada are recorded as leading the dig on Vounarin hill7,14. From 1971 the annual reports name Porada as head of the expedition and him as director of the excavation in the field8,9,10. Joanna Smith and her co-authors describe him as an older student of Porada's who was finishing a thesis on his excavations at Thebes, supervising Cypriot village workmen and Columbia students5. His book Kadmeia I appeared in 19733.
While the team cleared the stone pile at Vounari he began a survey of the district. His own count was eleven large settlement sites, ten smaller installations, four possible sanctuaries and ten cemeteries, with trial trenches at Sapilou and at Melissa, where he found Late Cypriot I architecture2. In summer 1971 he left Vounari to Selma Al-Radi and Sam Paley while he turned to the survey and Melissa5.
He first took the Vounari building, at most 60 by 60 feet and dated by its pottery to about 1700 to 1400 BC, for a fortified settlement. In 1975 he argued it was a sanctuary, comparing Vounous, though he allowed that no single object proved it2. The notes, photographs and most of the pottery went to Columbia6.
Life and work
- 10 August 1970 – 6 September 1970First season at Vounarin/Vounari near Phlamoudhi under Porada and Symeonoglou; Middle and Late Bronze Age buildings and a LC IB monumental structure (probably a platform) on the hill. Nicolaou notes his report at the 1970 AIA General Meeting (AIA 75, 1971, 215).
- 1971Second season: Porada heading the expedition, Symeonoglou field director; the Vounari hill was the main target. In summer 1971 he handed Vounari to Al-Radi and Paley and ran a site survey of the surrounding area, which found Melissa (2 km west), the settlement the expedition sought.
PhlamoudhiKarageorghis 1972Smith et al. 2008
- 1971Survey of the Phlamoudhi area: eleven large settlement sites Neolithic to Byzantine, ten smaller installations, four tentative sanctuaries, ten cemeteries; trial trenches at Sapilou (Hellenistic-Roman) and Melissa (LC I architecture, then excavated).
PhlamoudhiRobertson 1975Smith et al. 2008
- 1972Third season at Vounari and Melissa; Symeonoglou still field director under Porada.
- 1972Published the survey report 'Archaeological Survey in the Area of Phlamoudhi, Cyprus', RDAC 1972, 187-98, cited as the basis for the region's site list.
- 1973Fourth season at Vounari and Melissa under Porada and Symeonoglou; excavation ended with the 1974 war.
- 1973–1975Published 'Excavations at Phlamoudhi and the Form of the Sanctuary in Bronze Age Cyprus' in the proceedings of the first international colloquium on ancient Cyprus: argues Vounari is a sanctuary, not a fortress, of MC III to LC II (c. 1700-1400 BC) and Melissa the settlement, whose LC I building is paralleled at Enkomi. Plans drawn by him from measurements by the architect Angel Coronado; he thanks Paul Astrom for proofs of his Late Bronze Age book.
PhlamoudhiRobertson 1975
- 1973Author of Kadmeia I: Mycenaean Finds from Thebes, Greece. Excavation at 14 Oedipus St. (Studies in Mediterranean Archaeology XXXV, Goteborg 1973); not about Cyprus. In 1971 he was completing a thesis on his Greek excavations at Thebes.
- 1974Expedition notes, photographs and most ceramic finds were shipped to Columbia University; others stayed in the village schoolhouse (some since lost) and the Cyprus Museum. Joanna Smith later had to complete publication and return finds because export permits had expired (about the expedition, not Symeonoglou personally).
New YorkSmith, p. 2
Connections
7 peopleSales, gifts & bequests
- Received from Paul Åström1971–1972
Fieldwork & employment
- Excavated with Edith Porada1970–1973
Scholarship
- Material published by Noel Robertson1971–1975
Colleagues & contacts
- Worked with Angel Coronado1970–1972
- Worked with Robert Stuart Merrillees1971–1972
- Succeeded by Samuel Paley1971–1973
- Worked with Samuel Paleyprobably1971–1973
- Succeeded by Selma M. S. Al-Radi1971–1973
- Worked with Selma M. S. Al-Radiprobably1971–1973
Sources
- 1.S. Symeonoglou (1972). “Archaeological Survey in the Area of Phlamoudhi, Cyprus”. Report of the Department of Antiquities, Cyprus, 187-198.
- 2.Sarantis Symeonoglou (1975). “Excavations at Phlamoudhi and the Form of the Sanctuary in Bronze Age Cyprus”. The Archaeology of Cyprus: Recent Developments.
- 3.Sarantis Symeonoglou (1973). Kadmeia I. Mycenaean Finds from Thebes, Greece. Excavation at 14 Oedipus St.. Göteborg.
- 4.N. Robertson (ed.) (1975). The Archaeology of Cyprus: Recent Developments. Park Ridge, N.J., Noyes Press.
- 5.Joanna S. Smith, Despo Pilides, Jay Stratton Noller, Allan S. Gilbert (2008). Views from Phlamoudhi, Cyprus. Boston, American Schools of Oriental Research.
- 6.J. S. Smith. “Bringing Old Excavations to Life”. Near Eastern Archaeology. Online
- 7.V. Karageorghis (1971). “Chronique des fouilles et découvertes archéologiques à Chypre en 1970”. Bulletin de correspondance hellénique 95.
- 8.V. Karageorghis (1972). “Chronique des fouilles et découvertes archéologiques à Chypre en 1971”. Bulletin de correspondance hellénique 96.
- 9.V. Karageorghis (1973). “Chronique des fouilles et découvertes archéologiques à Chypre en 1972”. Bulletin de correspondance hellénique 97.
- 10.V. Karageorghis (1974). “Chronique des fouilles et découvertes archéologiques à Chypre en 1973”. Bulletin de correspondance hellénique 98.
- 11.Kyriakos Nicolaou (1972). “Archaeological News from Cyprus, 1970”. American Journal of Archaeology 76, 311-320.
- 12.Kyriakos Nicolaou (1973). “Archaeological News from Cyprus, 1972”. American Journal of Archaeology 77, 425-433.
- 13.Kyriakos Nicolaou (1975). “Archaeological News from Cyprus, 1973”. American Journal of Archaeology 79, 125-134. Online
- 14.K. Nicolaou (1976). “Archaeology in Cyprus, 1969-76”. Archaeological Reports 22.
- 15.D. M. Metcalf (2009). Byzantine Cyprus 491-1191. Nicosia, Cyprus Research Centre.
- 16.V. Karageorghis, D. A. Amyx (1974). Cypriote Antiquities in San Francisco Bay Area Collections. Göteborg.