Kourion Complex Apollo (extracted from McFadden's notebooks) (1 of 2)

Diary

Page 1410 con't on ledge. Not many tiles. Dark loose gray soil in upper part of stratum becoming red near bedrock but not consistently so. Stratum 2 appears not to be debris but an ancient fill dating from the Roman period and later than the 1st century A.D. See film 125-8, 13 and 14. Rough stones in all but upper part of stratum are small averaging about fist size. Continued digging between parallel walls at southeast corner of temple B precinct. No change since yesterday.

26 May 1949 Continuing to remove fill between parallel walls at southeast corner of temple B precinct. See film 125-11. Found complete lamp (handle broken) here, F [handwritten: 6__] . Mr. Hill digging in southeast corner of room 3 hypocaust. See his notes. I have not removed anything more from here today.

Page 1412 Dug west of bath, as yesterday, clearing down to bedrock over ledge. Continued removing debris of stones south of bath as yesterday. Also began digging here trench 9, 0, and north 0-2, lambda-nu, stratum 0-20 cm. above bedrock, loose light buff brown soil, very few stones, some tiles, very few sherds. Continued digging out cistern 3. Reached depth over 4.30 m. from top of coping.

27 May 1949 Removing stratum 3 between 2 parallel east precinct walls 0-9 meters southeast of southeast corner of temple B precinct. See section page 1411 and film 125-15 and 16. Stratum 1 contains dark gray soil with many rough stones of varying size; stratum 2 much the same, but not so dark and contained a few sherds and some though very few tile fragments. Stratum 1 had no sherds or tiles, surprisingly enough.

Page 1416 Stratum 3 has small rough stones only and reddish soil. These stones are fewer than in 1 and 2. Mr. Hill dug out northeast corner of room 3 hypocaust down to floor. See his notebook. Continued digging out cistern 3, reaching depth of over 4.50 m. from top of coping. See section page 1369. Many lamps or lamp fragments coming out. See F660, 663-669 inclusive, and 671. About 13 to date belong to Broneer type XXII; one or two may be slightly later (F669-C) and one is of the saucer type (F672). There is no lamp from the cistern, which dates probably later than the third quarter of the 1st century AD. Most belong probably to the early or middle first century. The saucer shaped lamp is the only one which is of an earlier type. As far as I know this type was not in common use after the early 3rd century B.C. See also coins F646, 652, 658, and 659. F646 appears to be Ptolemaic but was found only 0.27 m. below top of fill at 2.75 m. from top of coping. The others so far are not legible. Removing part of dump (our own) 1.00 - 3.00 m. south of plunge bath (large one). Between east precinct walls removed 1411-4 south 0-2 (as measured from cross wall at southeast corner of temple B precinct) down to bedrock. Reddish soil, very few stones; only small ones. Fragment of Broneer type XXII lamp found here. Finished removing trench 9, lambda-nu, 0-0, and north 0-2 down to bedrock (0-25 cm. above bedrock), rather clean, light brown soil, very few stones, very small rough ones only. Ribbed pottery found here.

Page 1434

28 May 1949 Began removing stratum 1, south of large plunge bath, 0-2 m. south of south wall, under our dump which was removed in this area yesterday (trench 9, p-t, north 0-2). Dark soil with many rough stones of varying size, rather loose stratum. Began digging between east parallel precinct walls south 8-12, dark loose soil, very few stones and only very small rough ones. In cistern reached depth of nearly 4.70 m. Many rough stones coming out, dark brown loose soil. Many of stones from stratum 5 (page 1369) are as large as 0.35 m. (greatest dimension). See film 125-22. 30 May (Monday) In cistern 3 began removing 1369-7, depth 3.70- . No change from Saturday except