Kourion Complex Apollo (extracted from McFadden's notebooks) (2 of 2)

Diary Page 1431½ con't Page 1442 that the earth close up to the walls of the cistern is redder than that in the center. This is what workman says but on examination I find difference too slight to take notice of. There is absolutely no change in character. Thus far there has been a surprising uniformity in the character and color of the soil coming out. Many rough stones still coming out measuring up to 0.35 m. in greatest dimension as average maximum. See film 125-22. In view of the great number of 1st century lamps found ( none need be later than about 75 A.D.) I think it is almost certain that this was a 1st century dump, ( that is from stratum 3 to 6 inclusive) page 1369. Continuing to remove surface soil between east precinct walls 11-16 m. from crosswall at southeast corner of temple B precinct. Dark loose soil, very few stones - small rough ones only; no debris; no tiles; very few sherds - a few figurines. Two coins found here today.

See F682 and F683. See page 1135-1. Trench 9, sigma-u, north 0-2, finished removing pre-war dump and digging now stratum 1, dark loose surface soil, many small rough stones. Larger stones and worked blocks being left as found.

31 May 1949 Continued digging out cistern to depth of over 4.90 m. No change. Digging south of large plunge bath, trench 9, p-u, north 0-2, surface soil and debris of small stones leaving larger stones as found. Dark loose surface soil. See page 1269-1. Few sherds - ribbed wares. Began removing stratum 2 north of room 4, bath and north of west end of room 3. See page 1251-2, and film 125-26. Light slightly reddish brown loose soil with rough stones - mainly small ones. Ribbed wares. Fragment of type XXVIII lamp. Removed very little earth between east precinct walls.

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1 June 1949 Leveling out dump southeast of bath. Most of men put on this job for most of the morning. Continued digging north of rooms 4 and 3 of bath, sections page 1251-2 (see yesterday's diary) and page 1249-2 (north of room 3) and 1149-3 (see also page 1451). See film 125-30, 31, and 35. Light brown very slightly reddish medium hard stratum with many rough stones averaging about first size. Few tiles only. About two quarts of sherds in area of 2x1.70 m.x0.33 m. Stratum 3, no noticeable change. Same quantity of sherds - few tiles. Probably all debris and decomposed building material. Continued digging out cistern to depth of over 5.00 m. (page 1369-7). Workmen tells me he found no lamps in strata 6 and 7 in center of cistern, only near walls. Glass he says appears also only near walls in the strata. The

workmen who dug strata 1 to 5 inclusive says he found the greater number of lamp fragments also very close to the walls, although some were found in center. He found glass both near the walls and in the center. That glass and lamps in strata 6 and 7 were found only near walls might be explained by their pyramiding down from the apex of the dump. If there is any chronological sequence, late finds may be expected at a comparatively low level when they are found near the walls. This explanation is supported by what workmen told me on May 30th (see diary under cistern page 1134). Mr. Hill dug part of debris overfloor in room 3, bath, south bay. He is making notes on this area. See my film 125-17, 23, and32; and film 126-1. No work today between east precinct walls.

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2 June 1949 Continuing to dig out cistern. Finished removing 1369-7, and began 1369-8. Four stones removed from stratum 7 See film 126-2. Only rough stones varying in size up to average maximum of 0.33 m. (greatest dimension). Removing all that is found near walls separately in view of what I said yesterday's diary. All lamps and by far the greater proportion of glass in stratum 7 was found near walls. Workmen tells me no thin blown glass was found in the center of 7; only near walls. Continued where I left off (31 May) removing 1261-1, stratum 1, south of large plunge bath, dark loose surface soil, many stones of varying size. Am leaving larger ones